Om Swastiastu!
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| Happy Galungan & Kuningan Day! |
On this Wednesday, July 15th 2015, Balinese
Hindus people will celebrate Galungan Day. But, the Galungan this year is like
something different because it’s Tilem (dark moon) on the Manis Galungan Day
(one day after Galungan Day). Actually, it’s not good even really bad for
Hindus people if the Galungan Day fall on or close to Tilem. It is called
Galungan Naramangsa. If that is the only
criteria for the Galungan Naramangsa, so this Galungan is definitely Galungan Naramangsa
and it is really bad, is it? You can’t and may not conclude anything before
reading this article completely.
What is Galungan Day?
Before we talk about Galungan Naramangsa, let’s talk
about Galungan first! Galungan Day is the commemoration of the goodness (God)
victory against the badness (Evil) based on Mayadanawa Balinese Folktale.
Galungan Day fall on Wednesday (Buda) Kliwon Dungulan and be celebrated twice a
year based on Balinese Calendar System.
Galungan Day is followed by Kuningan Day, a day for the worships to the
Balinese Hindus ancestors. Actually, there are not only common Galungan and
Galungan Naramangsa. There is also Galungan Nadi, when the Galungan Day falls
on Purnama (full moon) day.
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| Penjor |
So, what is Galungan Naramangsa? And
what’s wrong with it?
Galungan Naramangsa is a different Galungan, when the
Galungan Day is not celebrated with the worships towards the God, but the
worships to neutralize the badness/darkness (Evil/Bhuta) in the universe. So,
the Dewa Yajna changed by Butha Yajna. In Sanskrit, the word Nara means Man
(human) and the word Mangsa means eat. So, Naramangsa means “Eat Human” or the
Human’s Eater. In Hindus mythology, the human’s eater is Bhuta Kala or Rakshas
(Gigantic Demon). So, Galungan Naramangsa is also called by the Rakshas’s
Galungan.
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| The illustration of "Sang Kala Rau" |
On Galungan Naramangsa, Hindus people believe that
there are some prohibitions that they have to obey. First, they may not use any kind of meat in the
worships. The meat changed by some kinds of tubers and it’s given to “Sang
Kala Rau” (the Bhuta Kala). They also
may not make any Penjor and tumpeng Galungan.
What are the criteria of Galungan
Naramangsa?
Hindus people believe that there are two super natural
powers in the universe; they are Ketu or
the brightness (Divs/God) and Rau or
the darkness. However, Balinese people believe that there are two darkest day
in a year; they are Tilem Kapitu (Seventh Tilem) after Sivalatri Day and Tilem
Kesanga (Ninth Tilem) before Nyepi Day.
To define a Galungan is Naramangsa or not, we have
Sunari Gama and Sanghyang Aji Swamandala inscription.
“Yan Galungan nuju sasih Kapitu, Tilem Galungan, mwang
sasih kesanga, rah 9, tenggek 9, Galungan Nara Mangsa ngaran.”
Meaning:
“If the Wuku Dungulan (Galungan
week) falls in Sasih Kapitu (Seventh month of Balinese Calendar) and the
Galungan coincided with Tilem (darkmoon) Day, or in Sasih Kasanga
(Ninth month of Balinese Calendar) rah 9, tenggek 9, that is Galungan
Naramangsa.”
-Sunari Gama-
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| Banten, the offerings |
“Nihan Bhatara ring Dalem
pamalan dina ring wong Bali, poma haywa lali elingakna. Yan tekaning sasih
Kapitu, anemu wuku Dungulan mwang tilem ring Galungan ika, tan wenang ngegalung
wong Baline, Kala Rau ngaranya yan mengkana. Tan kawasa mabanten tumpeng. Mwah
yan anemu sasih Kesanga, rah 9 tenggek 9, tunggal kalawan sasih Kapitu, sigug
ya mengaba gering ngaran. Wenang mecaru wong Baline pabanten
caru ika, nasi cacahan maoran keladi, yan tan anuhut ring Bhatara ring Dalem
yanya manurung, moga ta sira kapereg denira Balagadabah.”
Meaning:
“This is the instruction from the Bhatara (Gods) in
Pura Dalem about the dirtiness of this day for humans, may you always remember
this. If the Sasih Kapitu coincided
with the wuku Dungulan (Galungan
week) and it’s Tilem (dark moon) on
the Galungan Day, you may not celebrate the Galungan, it’s called Kala-Rau, it’s
not allowed to worship the offerings with Tumpeng (triangle-shaped rice). And
if it is coincided with Sasih Kasang, it
has the same meaning with Sasih Kapitu. It
is not good, it brings disease. You may worship some offerings with Caru, Nasi Cacahan, and Ubi Keladi (tubers). If you don’t obey
this instruction from the Bhatara in Pura Dalem, you will attacked by the Balagadabah (something really bad/disease/bad
luck).”
-Sanghyang Aji Swamandala-
Based on those inscriptions, we can define a Galungan as Naramangsa if it is coincided with Tilem
in Sasih Kapitu or Sasih Kasanga.
This Galungan is Naramangsa? True or
not?
NO, it is not. Simple explanation, this Galungan is not coincided with Tilem day. Even the Manis
Galungan day falls on Tilem day, that Tilem day is Tilem Kasa (the first Tilem
on Balinese Calendar). So, don’t worry if this Galungan is Naramangsa. This
Galungan is a common Galungan when we can show our gratitude with the worships
to our God. Happy Galungan and Kuningan Day! Satyam Eva Jayate, Nanrtam! :)
Om Santih Santih
Santih Om!
Thank you!
DPS-OSIS 1415
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